Backshift of tenses verb tenses direct speech reported speech pronounsverb tenses simple present do you i am a carpenter. A collection of english esl worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach about reported, speech, reported sp. University of groningen between direct and indirect speech. In this case, pronouns will change in indirect speech, but the tenses in the reported. Structure formal aspects we can find different ways of expressing the direct speech. The general rule is that reported speech backs up one verb tense. Page 1 direct and indirect speech rules pdf table of contents identify reported speech and reported speech direct and indirect speech punctuation rules use of conjunction that rules for changing pronouns in indirect speech indirect speech rules for all tenses rules for change in time and adverb in indirect speech.
If there are any pronouns present, you may have to change them. He said i dont like football in reported speech, however, we tell what someone said without repeating his exact words. Reported speech definition and meaning collins english. Direct and indirect speech in englishspeaking childrens retold. Modal verbs in reported speech exercises modals exercises pdf. Reported speech is also known as indirect speech and is used to tell somebody else what another person said. Reported speech english grammar today cambridge dictionary. English grammar pdf worksheet on reported questions.
Tense is the grammatical form of the verb that in the reported clause we sometimes shift back backshift. Rewrite the sentences so that they have the same meaning as the original. Question forms and reported speech english grammar ef. For converting direct speech into indirect speech, present modals e. Sometimes someone says a sentence, for example im going to the cinema tonight. Mary informed memarry informed me that she would play cards the following daythe next day. However, there are a number of other reporting verbs that can be used instead of say or tell to make more efficient i. The students may notice that verb tenses change in reported speech. Reported speech use reported speech is used to retell or report what other person has actually said. Reported speech puts the speakers words or ideas into a sentence without quotation marks. Reported statements mixed exercise change this direct speech into reported speech.
Normal word order is used in reported questions, that is, the subject comes before the verb, and it is not necessary to use do or did. Wondering how to make indirect speech of sentences with let. Lets make indirect speech of following let sentences with examples and explanation. A collection of english esl reported speech indirect speech worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach a. Conditionals and unreal tenses in indirect speech grammaring. Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples log in dictionary. When the main idea of a speakers words is reported by another person and the exact. As previously mentioned, at times, the reporting verb e. After we report a question, it is no longer a question and in writing there is no question mark. When we report conditionals and statements that refer to unreal situations, some tenses and modals may change if the reported words are no longer true or are outofdate. In this case, pronouns will change in indirect speech, but the tenses in the reported clause stay the same. Reported speech english as a second language esl worksheet. Quoted and reported speech san jose state university. If the reported information is still true, you may use the same tense.
On occasions reported speech may be introduced without a prefatory. Indirect speech is normally used when conversation is reported verbally, though. For example, adverbials of time such as tomorrow could be changed to. Reported speech puts the speakers words or ideas into a sentence without quotation. Reported speech is speech which tells you what someone said, but does not use the. Reported speech reported questions english grammar pdf worksheet author.
Reported speech ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Are you feeling past continuous simple past i was there last year. This handy chart and tips will help students remember common verb tense and modal changes in reported speech. Direct speech indirect speech where does peter live.
In reported speech, the reader does not assume that the words are the speakers exact words. May be freely copied for personal or classroom use. Change of must in indirect speech english language. When there is a modal verb in the original statement, this sometimes changes when we report. Reported speech 1 statements grammar intermediate to upper. Use of reporting verbs reporting verbs are used in reported speech the most common reporting verbs are say and tell.
Fill in the gaps with one of the introductory verbs from the list below in the past simple. Reported speech exercise direct reported is seeing was seeing sees saw saw sawhad seen has seen had seen will see would see is going to see was going to see can see could see direct reported here there this that these those now then today that day. As you can see, in the above sentence am changes to was when we use reported speech. We also may need to change other words that were used, for example pronouns.
Do we change adverb like tomorrow, ago when tense of reporting verb is in present or future. Keep reading to understand how to use reported speech and download this free english lesson. In direct speech we repeat exactly what someone said. You often need to change verbs and pronouns to keep the original meaning.
Reported speech or indirect speech free english grammar. Pobierz reported speech mowa zalezna reported speech mowazalezna pdf pobrano 4454 razy 602 kb podziel sie tym postem ze znajomymi. Reported speech may or may not need a change in verbal tenses when converted from direct speech. Arden said that a volcanic eruption will occur next year. Students ability at changing direct into indirect speech and indirect into direct speech.
Simple past present continuous im working at the moment. Using reported speech in english can sometimes be difficult for nonnative speakers as we usually change the verbs, pronouns and specific times. Later, maybe we want to tell someone else what the first person said. Words spoken or thought by one person in one place at a certain time may be reported, by that very person or by someone else, in a different place and at a different time. This is an interactive activity for teachers and students. He said, lets wait for him one more time here she said to him, lets think if there is any alternative to this issue mark said, lets not waste our time here by. His mother told him not to put sticky things in his. Changing direct speech to reported indirect speech can be difficult because of the verb tense changes required. If you are reporting on what someone else has said, words like tomorrow or ago dont change, but the tenses need to make sense he says that he will go to delhi tomorrow or the next day. Pdf on jan 1, 2009, elizabeth holt and others published reported. Dont put sticky things in your pocket, said his mother. As with reported statements, we may need to change pronouns and tense backshift as well as time and place in reported questions. English esl reported speech indirect speech worksheets. Direct and indirect speech basic rules indirect speech for all tenses.
Time refers to the actual time that something happens, such as today or now or 5 weeks ago. Another persons utterance, but may prefer to entertain the listener clark & gerrig, 1990. Reported speech also called indirect speech relates what the person said, but does not use the exact words. Reported speech english grammar today a reference to written and spoken english grammar and usage cambridge dictionary. Here you will find many reported speech exercises at all levels so you can practice and improve your knowledge of reported speech in english. Pdf students ability at changing direct into indirect speech and.
Present simple, present continuous and present perfect. In reported speech we need to use the past tense form of the verb. Words spoken or thought by one person in one place at a certain time may be reported, by that. This usage of the gerund is illustrated in the fourth. If will is the modal in the reported utterance and expresses future time, and if the situation described in the quote still holds true at the time of the indirect report, the will may not be changed to would even though the reporting verb is in the past tense. That is why it is often necessary to make grammatical changes generally quite obvious to the structure of a sentence. He said that it must be pretty late and he really must go. Time and place in reported speech grammar englishclub. Students must transform direct speech sentences into reported speech ones with the help of some hints.
1359 280 725 1448 243 1084 111 925 873 524 598 646 1184 1294 800 902 1515 39 1511 1638 768 1483 914 638 398 1487 192 1027 1183 1112 850 246 567 890